Diagnosis
Clinical examination using a blunt explorer and dental mirror to detect surface changes, discoloration, and cavitation.
Bitewing radiographs are essential for detecting interproximal (between-tooth) caries not visible clinically.
The ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) provides a standardized scoring system from 0 to 6.
Laser fluorescence devices (DIAGNOdent) detect caries through fluorescence of bacterial porphyrins.
Transillumination (FOTI/DIFOTI) uses fiber-optic light to detect enamel and dentin caries.